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Australia |
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Canada |
focus
points
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| Fugere,
R., & Thompson-Cooper, I. (eds.). (1998). |
Breaking
the Chains: Bruno M Cormier and the MeGill University
Clinic in Forensic Psychiatry. Volume 1,
Tributes, Bruno M Cormier, MD (1919-1991). 235 p.
Volume 2, Papers. The MoGUl University Clinic in
Forensic Psychiatry. 251 p. Montreal: Robert
Davis Multimedia Publishing; 1998. Vol. 1 CAD22.00;Vol.
2 CAD22.00.
":The
first volume comprises papers written by Dr Cormier's
close associates and students during the heyday
of the McGill University Forensic Clinic
at Pine Avenue in Montreal and the therapeutic community
at Clinton Prison in Dannemora, New York" (Arboleda-Florez,
2001, p 179).
"In these essays, Bruno M Cormier, the father
of forensic psychiatry in Canada,
appears not only as he was--a pioneer in this clinical
field in our country--but also as a rebel and iconoclast,
an art connoisseur, and, in its second acceptation,
a dilettante of all things cultural. The second
volume is a collection of his most important papers:
in these, he articulates his conceptualization of
forensic psychiatry and the foundations
of his teachings on clinical criminology" (Arboleda-Florez,
2001, p 179).
"Bruno M Cormier established that the utility
of forensic psychiatry resided not in the sterile
evaluation of an accused for purposes of determining
some legal disposition but in a deep understanding
of the criminal as a person--a human being sent
astray from accepted social paths by circumstances
familial or social. Hence, he asserted, the primary
function of forensic psychiatry should
be treatment and rehabilitation of the offender--the
court assessment was only a sidestep" (Arboleda-Florez,
2001, p 179).
|
| "Initially
forensic psychiatry meant the use of psychiatry in the
forum, meaning the courts of law. It has gradually been
expanded to include the following: 1. competency, custody
and treatment of mentally ill individuals; 2. civil
law including compensation, family law, civil rights
and privilege; 3. criminal law; and 4. psychiatric aspects
of corrections" (Chalke et al, 1995, p. 120). |
As in numerous other jurisdictions worldwide (Castel;
Dowbiggin; Grob; Rothman; Scull and Shorter), the British
Columbian psychiatric apparatus was subject to successive
waves of change in philosophy and policy through these
years, as prevailing theories and practices drifted
out of the 19th century age of moral treatment, through
the "scientific custodialism" (Rafter, 1997,
pp. 62-66) of the early 1900s and onward into the era
of somatic interventionism that gained ascendancy from
the 1930s onward. These seismic shifts in the medical
terrain paralleled developments elsewhere, but they
also reflected British Columbia's remarkable metamorphosis
from a colonial hinterland in the mid-1800s to a flourishing
political, economic, and cultural center by the second
half of the 20th century (Barman; Bowering and Woodcock).
(Menzies, 2002, p. 379). |
France |
focus
points
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"Foucault (1978) wrote that the intervention of psychiatry in the field of law occurred in the beginning of the 19th century, in a series of cases whose pattern was about the same and which took place between 1800-1835 throughout Europe. From these cases that inserted psychiatry into the domain of law achieved what he called the "zero degree of insanity" (Mason & Mercer, 1998, p. 17).
Pakistan |
focus
points
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"Forensic psychiatry in Pakistan, according to Kazi (1988) has its roots in British forensic psychiatry, and most of the laws observed in Pakistan were inherited from the British laws at the time of the country's independence in 1947" (Carbonu & Soares, 1997, p. 22).
United Kingdom |
focus
points
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|
The roots of
the forensic psychiatric system go back to as early as 1800,
when James Hadfield shot at, but narrowly missed King George
III at the Drury Lane Theatre" (Mason, 1999, p. 156).
"With the
enactment of the Insanity Bill (June 30, 1800) - insanity
is now seen as a medical problem rather than a community,
social or religious complication. Social conscience gave
birth to the treatment ethic and structure of forensic psychiatric
services" (Mason & Chandley, 1990, p. 668).
United States |
focus
points
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American Forensic Psychiatry was founded in 1838 (Quen, 1994).
Focus Points
Reference
| Arboleda-Florez,
J. (2001). Forensic Psychiatry. |
Canadian
Journal of Psychiatry, 46(2), 179-180.
Retrieved December 19, 2002, from Academic Search
Premier database:
http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4286360&db=aph
- Reviews
the book 'Breaking the Chains: Bruno M. Cormier
and the McGill University Clinic in Forensic
Psychiatry,' edited by Renee Fugere and
Ingrid Thompson-Cooper.
|
| Chalke,
F.C.R., Roberts, C.A., & Turner, R. E. (1995). |
Forensic
psychiatry in Canada, 1945 to 1980. Canadian
Journal of Psychiatry, 40 (3) 120-124. Carbonu
& Soares, 1997, p. 22).
|
| Mason, T.
(1999). The psychiatric `Supermax': Long- |
term
high security psychiatric services. International
Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 22 (2), 155-166.
|
| Mason, T.
& Chandley, M. (1990). Nursing models in a |
special
hospital: A critical analysis of efficacy. Journal
of Advanced Nursing, 15, 667-673. Mason &
Mercer, 1998, p. 17).
|
| Mason, T.
& Mercer, D. (1999). A sociology of the |
mentally
disordered offender. London: Addison Wesley
Longman.
|
| Quen, J.M.
(1994). Law and Psychiatry in America over |
the past
150 years. Hospital and Community Psychiatry,
45 (10), 1005-1010.
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B - Forensic Psychiatry > Section B.1.0. Forensic History >
Unit.B.1.1. Historical Firsts and Facts
International
