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A. Ventral border of mandible and surface
of phalanges cut (to initiate skinning)
B. Caudal vertebrae cut (to sever tail)
C. Temporal condyle smashed (to free mandibles from
skull)
D. Ascending ramus of mandible damaged and broken (to free
mandible from skull through temporal area)
E. Horizontal ramus of mandible severed through diastema (to
free mandible from skull)
F. Incisives broken off (to free mandible from skull and/or
access nasal gristle)
G. Maxillae and nasals chopped out (to access nasal
gristle)
H. Frontal region of skull chopped out (to access brain)
I. Ventral border of mandible cut (to sever muscles in order
to remove tongue)
J. Ventral border of mandible broken off (to access marrow
cavity and/or remove masseter muscle)
K. Axis broken through dens (to disarticulate skull from
vertebral column)
L. Cervical transverse processes chopped off (to strip neck
muscles)
M. Bases of thorasic spinous processes severed (to remove
hump)
N. Tips of lumbar spinous processes severed (to strip lumbar
muscles)
O. Lumbar tranverse processes smashed (to strip sub-lumbar
muscles)
P. Dorsal ends of ribs broken and articular facets chopped
(to free rib cage)
Q. Scapula broken through the neck (to separate scapula from
humerus)
R. Distal end of humerus, proximal end of radius broken off
(to separate radius and humerus)
S. Olecranon broken (to remove triceps muscle)
T. Distal end of radius chopped at oblique angle (to
separate radius from carpals)
U. Carpals cut (to sever ligaments in order to detach lower
limb)
V. Innominate chopped through acetabulum (to separate pelvis
from femur)
W. Femoral trochlea chopped out (to access patella in order
to strip out lateral leg muscles)
X. Patella damaged with chopping tool as a result of
procedure "W"; trochanter major chopped (step "X")
Y. Tarsals cut (to sever ligaments in order to detach lower
leg through hock joint)
Z. Long bones cracked (to remove marrow)
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