ENCH 501: Transport Processes
Lecturer
Examinations
FOIP Policy
|
Dr A. Jeje |
|||||
| Email: | jeje@ucalgary.ca | Office: | EN-B204K | Phone: | 403-220-5753 |
|
Ugo Odiegwu |
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| Email: | ueodiegw@ucalgary.ca | Office: | END 203 | Phone: | 403-220-5758 |
| Alireza Zehtab | |||||
| Email: | zehtabeyazdi@yahoo.ca | Office: | CCIT 261F | Phone: | 403-210-7140 |
| Simin Sajjadiani | |||||
| Email: | ssajjadi@ucalgary.ca | Office: | END 203 | Phone: | 403-220-5758 |
| L/B/T | Session | Days of the Week | Start Time | Duration / minutes | Location |
| L01 | Fall | MWF | 9am | 50 | EN A103 |
| B01 | Fall | T | 2pm | 50 | EN A103 |
| T01 | Fall | R | 8am | 75 | EN A103 |
Simplification, Scaling and Dimensional Reasoning. Error Estimation. Transport Phenomena – Analyses of Heat, Mass and Momentum transfer. Convection and Diffusion in open systems and in porous media. Formulation of equations for problems typically encountered in industrial practice. Systems and Process Modelling. Analytical solutions by the Lumped, Integral and Differential techniques. Course Hours: H(3-2T-1)
Calendar Reference: http://www.ucalgary.ca/pubs/calendar/current/engineering.html
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Engineering has been defined as “the application of scientific and mathematical principles to practical ends”. For most engineering problems, approximate answers are often all that are required such that decisions can be made. Examples are the length of the boom to confine oil spill on open water and the time required to cure rubber tires in a heated mold. The answers are important if the dispersion of the oil is to be prevented and tires are to be safe for use on vehicles. For other systems such as the oxygen regeneration devices on a space craft and complex industrial facilities, detailed analysis on the component parts and the assembly are required in addition to experimental investigations. Both estimates and accurate values for a variable or parameter are based on some form of analysis.
The primary aim of the course is to develop the use of mathematical tools for interpreting and/or predicting outcomes of engineering operations and physical processes. Of particular interest are processes which involve the flow of fluids in pipes and through porous media, exchange of heat between bodies, and mass transfer or displacement of chemical species. These unit operations, studied as a group in Transport Phenomena, are routinely encountered in industrial processes and commercial operations. The main focus is to assist each student to enhance their ability to model systems and arrive at realistic conclusions or make useful deductions. Analytical methods are the techniques of choice. Numerical methods and computer simulations (both not part of the course) are alternative techniques for solving equations, once derived. Analysis often saves companies large sums of money which would have been spent on experimental tests.
A goal of the course is to foster both inductive and deductive reasoning by the student. The former is for understanding an event and deriving meaning. From observations and data, one often attempts to infer the rules and principles governing a process in order to interpret the results, plan subsequent actions or design scaled-up facilities. The deductive aspect is for predictions of outcome or consequences for a process, often prior to experimentation or collection of systematic data. Both the physics of the problems and the mathematical techniques are important and the approach should provide the student with the tools and confidence required to handle many problems for which correlations or solutions do not exist a priori. top
The following examinations will be held in this course:
- Seven quizzes (on topics earlier covered) will
be given during Tuesday laboratory sessions. Grades for the best five
(5) will be recorded as term work. The quizzes are closed book except
when data are to be obtained from the text. You may, however, bring to class a
sheet of paper (8 1/2 x 11 inches) on which you have summarized ideas or
equations on the topic for the quiz. This "cheat" sheet must be prepared in
your own handwriting, i.e. a photocopy of someone else's note is not
allowed. Test problems will be solved in Tutorials.
- A
Mid-Term examination is tentatively scheduled for Monday, October 30
from
2.00 to
3.30pm
- A Final Examination (in December) will be scheduled by the Registrar's office.
Note: The timetable for Registrar Scheduled exams can be found at the University’s Enrolment Services website, http://www.ucalgary.ca/registrar/.
The Mid-Term and the Final Examinations will be open-book, open notes.
The use of
scientific and programmable calculators is allowed for all quizzes, the
Mid-Term and the Final Examination.
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The final
grade in
ENCH 501 will be based on the following components:
| Quizzes | 25 % |
|
Midterm Examination |
25 % |
|
Final Examination |
50 % |
|
TOTAL |
100 % |
It is not necessary
to earn a passing grade on the final exam in order to pass the course as
a whole. top
The University of Calgary Calendar includes a statement on
the Principles of Conduct expected of all members of the University community
(including students, faculty, administrators, any category of staff, practicum
supervisors and volunteers) whether on or off the University’s property. This
statement applies in all situations where the Members of the University
Community are acting in their University capacities. All Members of the
University Community have a responsibility to familiarize themselves with this
statement, which is available at:
http://www.ucalgary.ca/pubs/calendar/2009/j-2.html
The Engineering Students’ Society Code of Conduct was developed to ensure that students are safe and free from danger and risk, and that discussion, criticism and comment are encouraged within a framework of professional behaviour. The Engineering Students’ Society Code of Conduct is available at:
http://ess.ucalgary.ca/downloads/official_documents/Code_of_Conduct.pdf top
The University of Calgary Calendar defines plagiarism as:
“submitting or presenting work in a course as if it were the student’s own work done expressly for that particular course when, in fact, it is not.”
Plagiarism is academic misconduct. Please read the section in the University Calendar on Plagiarism/Cheating/Other Academic Misconduct which is available at:
http://www.ucalgary.ca/pubs/calendar/2009/k-2.html
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The following textbooks are recommended for ENCH 501
|
Analysis of
Non-Equilibrium Transport Processes in Engineering |
POLICY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF FOIP REQUIREMENTS
Protection of Student Examinations and Course Work Under the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act of the Province of Alberta
The Schulich School of Engineering policy is intended to ensure that examinations and term-work of students in engineering courses are protected with respect to privacy. The philosophy behind the policy is that marked student examinations and term-work (hereafter called “student’s work) should be available only to the student and to staff in the Schulich School of Engineering who have a need to see the material. This includes academic staff, graduate assistants and support staff. Please read the Schulich School of Engineering FOIP Policy:
http://www.ucalgary.ca/eng/courses/Engg/FOIPPOLICY.html
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The University of Calgary and the Schulich School of Engineering operate on the premise of the Internal Responsibility System which identifies that all individuals, including students and visitors, share the responsibility for ensuring a safe working, learning and living environment.
To this end students are responsible for:
- reporting any unsafe conditions or actions to their Professor or a University Representative;
- reporting all accidents or incidents to their Professor or a University Representative as soon as possible after the incident has occurred; there is a requirement to report incidents which include, a sudden or unforeseen event which could or has caused an injury or occupational illness; a release of hazardous materials to the environment, or a near miss;
- understanding that just because a hazard can’t be seen doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist and evacuate the building immediately if the fire bells are initiated leaving through the nearest exit and moving away from the building. Failure to do so puts your safety and the safety of emergency responders at risk and goes against our premise of Safety First.
For more information on Occupational Health & Safety, please consult the University’s Environmental Health and Safety website:
http://www.ucalgary.ca/safety top
Supporting Material.
A few
past examination papers and the solutions to the problems are posted at
http://www.ucalgary.ca/ENCH/class_notes/ench501/index.htm
These are available for review and practice.
Important dates.
Mon. Sept. 10 - Lectures
begin
Mon. Oct. 8 - Thanksgiving Holiday (No
Lecture)
Sun - Wed Oct 8 - 10 - SPE
Conference, San Antonio TX (No Lectures)
Sun-Wed. Oct 14-17 - CSChE Conference, Vancouver BC (No
lectures)
Tues Oct. 30 - Mid-Term Examination,
2.00 - 3.30pm (in
EN D02 and 04)
Sat-Tues. Nov.10-13
- Reading Days (No Lectures)
Fri. Dec. 7 - Lectures end
Mon-Wed, Dec. 10-19 - Final Examinations period
Two of the 10 available Lab sessions on Tuesdays (November 13 and 27) will be used for lectures – to make up for the days for conferences when no lectures are scheduled as above. This gives us a total of 33 lectures for the term.
Test Schedule
Quiz #1 Sept. 18
Quiz #2 Sept. 25
Quiz #3 Oct 2
Quiz #4 Oct. 23
MT
Oct. 30
Quiz #5 Nov. 6
Quiz #6 Nov. 20
Quiz #7 Dec 4
Supplementary texts for the course.
(Purchase is not required.)
Bird, Stewart and Lightfoot, 2002, Transport Phenomena. 2nd
Ed. J. Wiley
Holman, J.P., 2002, Heat Transfer. 9th Ed. McGraw-Hill
Thomson, W., 2000, Introduction to Transport Phenomena
Bradley, H.B. (Ed), 1992, Petroleum Engineering Handbook. 3rd
Printing. SPE top
The
subject matter to be covered is divided into 5 sections. The knowledge
and skills the student is required to gain are described in the
following:
1.
Background
in Mathematical Analysis - Simplification, Dimensional Analysis and
Scaling
The manipulation of equations require some level of understanding of the features. Some equations are complicated to solve and therefore need to be simplified. In this attempt, it is possible to arrive at answers very different from what makes sense. For some equations, it is possible to derive grouping of variables and re-cast the equations in generalized forms. The groupings, if non-dimensional, are useful for processing data to establish trends, even without solving any sets of equations. Such groupings may also be identified by listing all the variables and parameters which define an operation. The dimensionless variables also involve reference quantities such as a characteristic length, time or mass of the choices available. Proper choice of these quantities involve scaling and it may allow terms to be dropped from an equation without a significant loss of generality.
The
student will learn how to explore the limits of simple mathematical
expressions. As part of this section is the evaluation of errors in
engineering data.
2.
Fundamental Relationships and Rules of Application
The basic terms and parameters involved in analyses of transport phenomena problems (diffusivity, dispersion,...) are defined and described. Stresses in fluids are related to velocity, heat flux to temperature and transport of chemical species in a mixture to their concentrations, all as gradients of the independent variables. The parameters required to relate the quantities are also defined.
The student is required to understand the relationships and the rules of application as the basis for formulating equations.
3. Non-differential and Approximate Methods
Many problems can be solved using overall balances around a control volume, i.e. without considering gradients. For some steady state problems with complicated system geometry, the shape factor method allows the estimation of fluxes. The lumped-capacity method is suitable for unsteady state problems when gradients of temperature or concentration can be considered small. When gradients are significant but quick results are needed, the integral methods are often applicable. The approximate solutions obtained are useful for engineering predictions which can then be confirmed experimentally.
The student is expected to understand and be comfortable with using these techniques to solve problems once it is established that the solutions are valid.
4. Differential Analysis
When temperature, pressure, concentration and/or velocity vary with space and/or time within a region, a differential analysis is applied. This involves a momentum, energy or material balance over a small element totally submerged within the region. The equations derived are solved subject to the initial and boundary conditions for the domain. This is the most sophisticated technique of the topics to be covered in the course. Generalized or constitutive equations will be derived and these can be used, subject to the limitations and conditions involved in their derivation, directly to physical problems.
The student is expected to master the logic and procedure for deriving equations appropriate to a problem, obtain solutions to such equations and interpret the results.
5. Applications
Problems on reservoir systems, kinetics of chemical reactions, control/dynamics and transfer processes are frequently time-dependent. The mathematical techniques developed in the foregoing are applicable and will be used to explore various problems a process or reservoir engineer typically encounters. Finding solutions to derived equations also require the use of certain methods, depending on the nature of the problem. It is important that the student readily identifies which method is applicable and most straight forward.
The student will learn the principles and thinking styles needed to approach fresh problems with a good knowledge of the fundamentals. top
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